Sustainability Evaluation of Sand Suppliers Using DEA–TOPSIS Integration in the Concrete Industry

Authors

  • Rahmad Wisnu Wardana Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Muhammad Irfan Khoirullah Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Dewi Rahmasari Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Amelia Khoidir Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
  • Tyas Yuli Rosiani Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33506/mt.v12i2.5670

Keywords:

concrete industry, DEA-TOPSIS, sand supplier, sustainable supplier evaluation

Abstract

Sustainable supplier evaluation is important for the concrete industry because supplier quality, supply accuracy, and social-environmental responsibility affect production stability. This study aims to determine the priority of sand suppliers at PT Varia Usaha Beton based on sustainability criteria. This study uses a quantitative approach based on the integration of Data Envelopment Analysis and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. Three suppliers, namely Barokah Jaya, Barokah Mulya, and Puskopol, were evaluated using 13 economic, social, and environmental subcriteria through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and company documents. The Data Envelopment Analysis results show that all suppliers obtained a relative efficiency score of 1, meaning that all suppliers were positioned on the efficiency frontier. However, these results were not yet able to distinguish supplier priorities. Integration with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution produced a more discriminative final ranking: Barokah Jaya obtained the highest score of 0.993, followed by Barokah Mulya at 0.991 and Puskopol at 0.987. These findings indicate that Barokah Jaya is the priority supplier, while the other suppliers remain competitive but require improvement in certain indicators. This study provides an objective framework for the evaluation and development of sustainable sand suppliers.

References

Afrasiabi, A., Tavana, M., & Di Caprio, D. (2022). An extended hybrid fuzzy multi-criteria decision model for sustainable and resilient supplier selection. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 29, 37291–37314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17851-2

Althaqafi, T. (2023). Environmental and Social Factors in Supplier Assessment: Fuzzy-Based Green Supplier Selection. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115643

Angeles, A., Ilano, A., Ong, D., Reoyan, V., & Bucu, G. (2023). A Sustainable Supplier Selection Adapting Triple Bottom Line Framework for The Construction Industry using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making. Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. https://doi.org/10.46254/an13.20230427

Bajwa, A. U. R., Siriwardana, C., Shahzad, W., & Naeem, M. (2025). Material selection in the construction industry: a systematic literature review on multi-criteria decision making. Environment Systems and Decisions, 45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-025-10001-w

Bardan, M., & Czarnecki, L. (2025). Green Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Feasibility Study. Materials, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030488

Bhuiyan, M. M. A., & Hammad, A. (2023). A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Support System for Selecting the Most Sustainable Structural Material for a Multistory Building Construction. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043128

Boukrouh, I., Tayalati, F., & Azmani, A. (2024). A Comprehensive Framework for Supplier Selection: Using Subjective, Objective, and Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques With Sensitivity Analysis. IEEE Access, 12, 145550–145569. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3462348

Chen, H., & Wang, H. (2025). Research on Green Supplier Selection Method Based on Improved AHP-FMEA. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073018

Chen, Z., Hammad, A., Waller, S., & Haddad, A. (2023). Modelling supplier selection and material purchasing for the construction supply chain in a fuzzy scenario-based environment. Automation in Construction. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2023.104847

Čiković, K. F., Martinčević, I., & Lozić, J. (2022). Application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in the Selection of Sustainable Suppliers: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116672

Dang, T.-T., Nguyen, N.-A.-T., Nguyen, V., & Dang, L.-T.-H. (2022). A Two-Stage Multi-Criteria Supplier Selection Model for Sustainable Automotive Supply Chain under Uncertainty. Axioms, 11, 228. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms11050228

De Castro E Silva, A., Seleme, R., De Assis Silva, W., Zattar, I., Nara, E., Júnior, O., & Benitez, L. (2022). Evaluation and Choice Criteria of Sustainable Suppliers in the Construction Industry: A Comparative Study in Brazilian Companies. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315711

Dobos, I., & Vörösmarty, G. (2023a). Green supplier selection problems with data scaling and production frontier estimations in a DEA model. Society and Economy. https://doi.org/10.1556/204.2023.00001

Dobos, I., & Vörösmarty, G. (2023b). Input and output reconsidered in supplier selection DEA model. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-023-00845-5

Erdebilli, B., & Sıcakyüz, Ç. (2024). An Integrated Q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy (Q-ROF) for the Selection of Supply-Chain Management. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16124901

Fallahpour, A., Nayeri, S., Sheikhalishahi, M., Wong, K., Tian, G., & Fathollahi-Fard, A. (2021). A hyper-hybrid fuzzy decision-making framework for the sustainable-resilient supplier selection problem: a case study of Malaysian Palm oil industry. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12491-y

Govindan, K., Kaul, A., Darbari, J., & Jha, P. (2023). Analysis of supplier evaluation and selection strategies for sustainable collaboration: A combined approach of best–worst method and TOmada de Decisao Interativa Multicriterio. Business Strategy and the Environment. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3374

Hattani, F., Menu, B., Allaoui, D., Mouflih, M., Zanzoun, H., Hannache, H., & Manoun, B. (2024). Evaluating the Impact of Material Selections, Mixing Techniques, and On-site Practices on Performance of Concrete Mixtures. Civil Engineering Journal. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-02-016

Hezam, I., Ali, A., Sallam, K., Hameed, I., & Abdel-Basset, M. (2024). Digital twin and fuzzy framework for supply chain sustainability risk assessment and management in supplier selection. Scientific Reports, 14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67226-z

Hoseini, S., Fallahpour, A., Wong, K., Mahdiyar, A., Saberi, M., & Durdyev, S. (2021). Sustainable Supplier Selection in Construction Industry through Hybrid Fuzzy-Based Approaches. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031413

Hou, Y., Khokhar, M., Zia, S., & Sharma, A. (2022). Assessing the Best Supplier Selection Criteria in Supply Chain Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.804954

Ince, M. N., Taşdemir, Ç., & Gazo, R. (2023). Lean and Sustainable Supplier Selection in the Furniture Industry. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215891

Islam, M. M., & Arakawa, M. (2022). Integrated multi-criteria group decision-making model for supplier selection in an uncertain environment. Cogent Engineering, 9. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2022.2079220

Kamal, A., Azfar, R. W., Salah, B., Saleem, W., Abas, M., Khan, R., & Pruncu, C. (2021). Quantitative Analysis of Sustainable Use of Construction Materials for Supply Chain Integration and Construction Industry Performance through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020522

Karabayir, A., & Botsalı, A. (2021). SUPPLIER SELECTION AMONG DIFFERENT SCALE CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES USING FUZZY AHP AND FUZZY TOPSIS. El-Cezeri Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.933617

Karakoç, Ö., Memiş, S., & Sennaroglu, B. (2023). A Review of Sustainable Supplier Selection with Decision-Making Methods from 2018 to 2022. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010125

Kweh, Q. L., Ting, I. W. K., Asif, J., & Lu, W. (2024). Environmental, social, and governance and hierarchical network data envelopment analysis firm efficiencies of Japan Airlines’ supply chain. Business Strategy and the Environment. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3861

Liu, K.-S., & Lin, M.-H. (2021). Performance Assessment on the Application of Artificial Intelligence to Sustainable Supply Chain Management in the Construction Material Industry. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212767

Lo, H.-W., Li, K., & Lin, S.-W. (2025). Multi-Year Performance Evaluation and Trend Tracking of Sustainable Suppliers: An Application of a Hybrid Decision Analysis Model. Journal of Intelligent Decision Making and Granular Computing. https://doi.org/10.31181/jidmgc1120256

Masudin, I., Habibah, I. Z., Wardana, R. W., Restuputri, D., Sarifah, S., & Shariff, R. (2024). Enhancing Supplier Selection for Sustainable Raw Materials: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Analytical Network Process (ANP) and TOPSIS Methods. Logistics. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics8030074

Mishra, A., Saha, A., Rani, P., Pamucar, D., Dutta, D., & Hezam, I. (2022). Sustainable supplier selection using HF-DEA-FOCUM-MABAC technique: a case study in the Auto-making industry. Soft Computing, 26, 8821–8840. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-07192-8

Nguyen, T.-L., Nguyen, P., Pham, H., Nguyen, T.-G., Nguyen, D.-T., Tran, T.-H., Le, H., & Phung, H.-T. (2022). A Novel Integrating Data Envelopment Analysis and Spherical Fuzzy MCDM Approach for Sustainable Supplier Selection in Steel Industry. Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10111897

Omrani, H., Shamsi, M., & Emrouznejad, A. (2022). Evaluating sustainable efficiency of decision-making units considering undesirable outputs: an application to airline using integrated multi-objective DEA-TOPSIS. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25, 5899–5930. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02285-8

Park, S.-H., Ryu, H.-S., & Park, W.-J. (2024). Influence of Unit Water Content Control on Concrete Performance in the Ready-Mixed Concrete Production Process. Materials, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040834

Peng, C., Feng, D., & Guo, S. (2021). Material Selection in Green Design: A Method Combining DEA and TOPSIS. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105497

Shao, Q., Liu, S., Lin, J., Liou, J., & Zhu, D. (2025). Green Supplier Evaluation in E-Commerce Systems: An Integrated Rough-Dombi BWM-TOPSIS Approach. Syst., 13, 731. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13090731

Sharma, R., Kannan, D., Darbari, J., & Jha, P. (2024). Group Decision Making Model for Selection of Performance Indicators for Sustainable Supplier Evaluation in Agro-Food Supply Chain. International Journal of Production Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2024.109353

Shirkouhi, S., Tavakoli, M., Govindan, K., & Mousakhani, S. (2023). A hybrid approach using Z-number DEA model and Artificial Neural Network for Resilient supplier Selection. Expert Syst. Appl., 222, 119746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.119746

Singh, S., Singh, S., Mahgoub, M., Mir, S. A., Kanga, S., Kumar, S., Kumar, P., & Meraj, G. (2024). Evaluating Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Sand for Sustainable Construction Performance and Environmental Benefits. CivilEng. https://doi.org/10.3390/civileng5020023

Sithi, S. S., Ara, Mst. A., Dhrubo, A. T., Rony, A. H., & Shabur, Md. A. (2025). Sustainable supplier selection in the textile industry using triple bottom line and SWARA-TOPSIS approaches. Discover Sustainability, 6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01206-9

T., N., & S., K. (2023). Investigation study data to develop sustainable concrete mix using waste materials as constituents. Data in Brief, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.109837

Tavakoli, M., Tajally, A., Ghanavati-Nejad, M., & Jolai, F. (2023). A Markovian-based fuzzy decision-making approach for the customer-based sustainable-resilient supplier selection problem. Soft Computing, 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-023-08380-w

Tronnebati, I., Yadari, M. El, & Jawab, F. (2022). A Review of Green Supplier Evaluation and Selection Issues Using MCDM, MP and AI Models. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416714

Tushar, Z. N., Bari, A., & Khan, M. (2022). Circular Supplier Selection in the Construction Industry: A Sustainability Perspective for the Emerging Economies. Sustainable Manufacturing and Service Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smse.2022.100005

Wang, W.-P., & Hung, Y.-H. (2025). Dual Evaluation Indicators for Sustainable Suppliers. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17072816

Wibowo, F. X. R. S., & Pramesti, N. (2026). A Systematic Literature Review of Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution Methods for Construction Material Supplier Selection. Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering. https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i1.918

Yudhistira, A., Satyarno, I., Nugroho, A., & Handayani, T. (2024). Effect of Construction Delays and the Preventive Role of Concrete Works Optimization: Systematic Literature Review. TEM Journal. https://doi.org/10.18421/tem132-34

Zhu, Q., Liu, A., Li, Z., Yang, Y., & Miao, J. (2022). Sustainable Supplier Selection and Evaluation for the Effective Supply Chain Management System. Syst., 10, 166. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10050166

Zulaihan, A., & Siswanto, N. (2025). Modeling of Supplier Selection Strategy And Raw Material Order Allocation With Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach and Linear Programming at PT. IKSG. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i4.17484

Downloads

Published

31-10-2026

How to Cite

Wisnu Wardana, R., Khoirullah, M. I., Rahmasari, D., Khoidir, A., & Rosiani, T. Y. (2026). Sustainability Evaluation of Sand Suppliers Using DEA–TOPSIS Integration in the Concrete Industry. Metode : Jurnal Teknik Industri, 12(2), 311–325. https://doi.org/10.33506/mt.v12i2.5670

Similar Articles

<< < 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.