Menuju Demokrasi Substantif: Inklusi Disabilitas dan Partisipasi Politik dalam Pilkada Makassar 2024

Authors

  • Endang Sari Universitas Hasanuddin
  • Rafly Rafly Universitas Hasanuddin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v12i1.5337

Keywords:

Inclusive; Accessibility; Disability; Local Election; Makassar

Abstract

This study highlights significant challenges in fulfilling the political rights of persons with disabilities. Persistent barriers to accessibility remain, including limited physical facilities at polling stations, inadequate preparedness of election officials, substandard assistive tools such as poorly legible Braille templates, and insufficient access to information across diverse disability categories. The research aims to describe and analyze the actual conditions of accessibility and patterns of political participation among persons with disabilities during the 2024 Makassar local elections. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, including voters with disabilities, election organizers (KPU, Bawaslu), and representatives of disability organizations. Findings reveal a gap between normative instructions issued by election authorities and practices in the field. Although voter turnout among persons with disabilities increased by 77% compared to 2020, physical accessibility—such as the availability of ramps—remains uneven, and Braille templates are often difficult to read independently. In terms of participation, a layered pattern emerges: the majority engage at the basic level (voting), while a smaller group actively participates in policy forums such as Musrenbang. Their motivations vary, ranging from autonomous awareness to test inclusivity, to mobilization driven by material proximity or community solidarity. The study concludes that strengthening inclusion requires strategic measures, including specialized training for election officials, standardized disability-friendly facilities across all polling stations, and systematic evaluation of assistive tools. These steps are crucial to ensuring that the political rights of persons with disabilities are substantively fulfilled, thereby enriching the quality of local democracy

References

Arum, F. C., & lainnya. (2025). Peran Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat pada Pemilu 2024. Jurnal Ilmu Politik dan Pemerintahan, 12(1), 33–47.

Astuti, D., & Suharto, D. G. (2021). Aksesibilitas Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Pemilu 2019 di Kabupaten Sleman. Public Inspiration: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 6(1). 29-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22225/pi.6.1.2021.29-41

Boman, B., & Rosenberg, J. H. (2024). Democratically included? A systematic literature review on voter turnout of people with intellectual disabilities. Frontiers in Political Science, 6, 1485383. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2024.1485383

Budiardjo, M. (2003). Dasar-dasar ilmu politik. Gramedia pustaka utama. Jakarta.

Carrico, A., & Grennell, K. (2023). Disability and accessibility in the music classroom: A teacher’s guide. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003222224

Dirkareshza, R., Wahid, U., Wijaya, S., Dirkareshza, N. P., & Permatasari, E. D. (2023). Inklusi politik untuk semua: Menuju pemilihan umum yang lebih responsif terhadap penyandang disabilitas. PT Idemedia Pustaka Utama.

El-Geneidy, A., & lainnya. (2021). Making accessibility work in practice. Transport Reviews, 41(4), 401–422.

Espinoza, F., & lainnya. (2024). Political participation among deaf youth in Great Britain. Journal of Disability and Politics, 9(3), 211–229.

Gupta, A., dkk. (2025). A Systematic Literature Review on Inclusive Public Open Spaces: Accessibility Standards and Universal Design Principles. Journal of Ur-ban Design and Accessibility, 18(2), 101–120.

Huntington, S. P., & Nelson, J. M. (1976). No easy choice: Political participation in developing countries. Harvard University Press.

Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kota Makassar. (2024). Data Pemilih Disabilitas Pilkada Kota Makassar 2024. Makassar: KPU Kota Makassar.

Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Republik Indonesia. (2016). Undang-Undang Re-publik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 Tentang Penyandang Disabilitas. Kementerian Sekretariat Negara. Jakarta.

Pratiwi, W., Fitri, S. N., Fernando, Z. J., & Barkhuizen, J. (2023). Evaluation of the fulfillment of political rights for persons with disabilities to welcome the 2024 general election. Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi, 6(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v6i1.7886

Putra, R. A. (2025). Pemenuhan hak politik penyandang disabilitas dalam perspektif ilmu tata negara: Analisis konstitusional atas diskriminasi sosial. Jurnal Hukum dan Konstitusi Universitas Islam Riau, 4(2), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.25299/jhk.2025.v4i2.27725

Rahahleh, Z., & lainnya. (2021). Participation of Individuals with Disabilities in Political Activities: Voices from Jordan. Journal of Disability Studies, 7(2), 45–58.

Reher, S., & Evans, E. (2025). Someone like me? Disability identity and representation perceptions. Political Behavior, 47(2), 689–709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-024-09969-z

Rush, M., & Althoff, P. (2003). An Introduction to Political Sociology, diterj. Kartini Kartono. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.

Sobari, W. (2023). Template Penulisan Metode Penelitian Untuk Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasi Bidang Ilmu Politik. Inara Publisher.

Suardi, W. I. (2019). Metode Penelitian Sosial. yogyakarta: CV. Adi Karya Mandiri.

Teglbjærg, J. H., & lainnya. (2021). The disability gap in voter turnout and its association to the accessibility of election information in EU countries. Scandina-vian Journal of Disability Research, 23(1), 256–268.

Vengesai, P. (2025). Political rights of persons with disability in the Zimbabwean media. African Journal of Disability Studies, 14(1), 22–35.

Young, I. M. (2002). Inclusion and democracy. Oxford University Press.

Published

2026-06-28

How to Cite

Sari, E., & Rafly, R. (2026). Menuju Demokrasi Substantif: Inklusi Disabilitas dan Partisipasi Politik dalam Pilkada Makassar 2024. Jurnal Noken: Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 12(1), 207–224. https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v12i1.5337

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.